Perennial herb to about 35 cm; bulb appressed hairy inside. Stem downy. Leaves 3-5, basal, glaucous, hairless, margin flat, ciliate, not red. Inflorescence 1-5 flowered, buds erect. Flowers star-, bell- or cup-shaped.Tepals to 100 x 50 mm, cream, yellow, pink, orange or red, pink or greenish outside; blotch contrasting; late winter to spring. Stamen filaments hairless, yellow; anthers twisted, yellow; pollen yellow. Used as a parent in many hybrids.

T. batalinii Regel from C Asia, to about 20 cm; bulb with basal and apical hairs inside. Stem hairless. Leaves 3-9, glaucous, hairless, margins flat, red. Inflorescence 1 flowered, bud erect. Flowers cup-shaped; spring.Tepals to 5 x 2 cm, pale yellow basally bronze-yellow; blotch yellow-brown. Stamen filaments smooth, yellow; anthers yellow; pollen yellow.'Bright Gem' flowers bright yellow with an orange tinge.

T. clusiana DC., Lady Tulip, from Asia Minor to Russia, to about 30 cm; bulb protruding hairy at the apex inside. Stem hairless. Leaves 2-5, waxy blue, hairless, margin wavy, not red. Inflorescence usually 1-2 flowered, buds erect. Flowers cupshaped, scented; spring. Tepals to 6.5 x 2 cm, white to cream, deep pink outside; blotch purple to red. Stamen filaments hairless, purple; anthers purple; pollen purple. Var. chrysantha (Hall) Sealy, North-western India. Flowers yellow inside. Stamens yellow. Syn. T. chrysantha Bak. 'Cynthia' Flowers cream inside, red outside with green edges and a purplish base

T. didieri Jordan, from S Europe, to about 40 cm; bulb smooth inside or very sparse hairy at the apex. Stem hairless to downy. Leaves 2-7, green, hairless, margin ciliate, not red. Inflorescence 1 flowered, bud erect. Flowers cup-shaped opening to starshaped; spring. Tepals to 8 x 5 cm, tips reflexed, red, crimson outside; blotch dark purple with a white to cream margin. Stamen filaments smooth, yellow or purple; anthers black or yellow; pollen purple or yellow.Very closely related to T. gesneriana.

T. greigii Regel from Tajikistan to about 30 cm; bulb hairy at the apex inside. Stem downy. Leaves 3-5, green with red or purple-brown streaks, downy, margin wavy, ciliate, not red. Inflorescence 1 flowered, bud erect. Flowers cup-shaped; spring.Tepals to 11 x 6 cm, red or yellow; blotch black, yellow-margined. Stamen filaments hairless, black; anthers black; pollen yellow.

T. kolpakowskiana Regel from C Asia, to about 30 cm; bulb appressed hairy inside. Stem hairless. Leaves 2-4, glaucous, hairless, margin wavy, ciliate, not red. Inflorescence 1-4 flowered, buds nodding. Flowers cup-shaped; spring. Tepals to 5.5 x 2 cm, yellow, crimson to greenish outside; blotch absent. Stamen filaments hairless, yellow; anthers yellow; pollen yellow.

T. linifolia Regel from Iran, Uzbekistan and Afghanistan, to about 35 cm; bulb hairy at the apex inside. Stem hairless. Leaves 3-9, glaucous, hairless, margin wavy, ciliate, red. Inflorescence 1 flowered, bud erect. Flowers star-shaped; spring.Tepals to 6 x 3.5 cm, bright red; blotch blackish-purple, yellow-margined. Stamen filaments hairless, black; anthers dark purple; pollen purple.

T. marjolettii Perrier & amp;Song. from SE France, to about 50 cm; bulb smooth inside or very sparse hairy at the apex. Stem hairless to downy. Leaves 2-7, green, hairless, margin ciliate, not red. Inflorescence 1 flowered, bud erect. Flowers cup-shaped opening to star-shaped; spring.Tepals to 8 x 5 cm, tips reflexed, pale yellow or cream with pink edges, mauve pink outside; blotch absent. Stamen filaments smooth, blueblack; anthers yellow; pollen yellow.Very closely related to T. gesneriana.

T. platystigma Jordan from SE France to about 55 cm; bulb smooth inside or very sparse hairy at the apex inside. Stem hairless to downy. Leaves 2-7, green, hairless, margin flat, ciliate, not red. Inflorescence 1 flowered, bud erect. Flowers cupshaped opening to star-shaped; spring.Tepals to 8 x 3 cm, tips reflexed, deep pink, bluish basally, margins orange; blotch absent. Stamen filaments smooth, yellow; anthers yellow; pollen yellow.Very closely related to T. gesneriana.

T. praestans Hoog. from C Asia to about 50 cm; bulb sparse hairy at the apex inside. Stem downy. Leaves 3-6, glaucous, downy, margin flat, ciliate, not red. Inflorescence 1-5 flowered, bud erect. Flowers cup-shaped opening to star-shaped; spring. Tepals to 6.5 x 3 cm, scarlet-orange; blotch brownish-green. Stamen filaments smooth, red, yellow basally; anthers yellow or purplish; pollen yellow, red or brownish. 'Fusilier' 3-5 bright orange-red flowers. 'Unicum' Leaves whitemargined; flowers up to 5, red with some yellow basally; anthers black. 'Van Tubergen's Variety' A vigorous cultivar with 2-5 bright red, basally yellow flowers.

T. sprengeri Baker from Turkey, to about 45 cm; bulb smooth inside. Stem hairless. Leaves 5-6, green, hairless, margin flat, not red. Inflorescence 1 flowered, bud erect. Flowers cup-shaped; spring to summer. Tepals to 6.5 x 2 mm, bright orange-red, yellowish outside; blotch absent. Stamen filaments 3 long + 3 short, smooth, red; anthers yellow; pollen yellow.

T. undulatifolia Boiss., Balkans to western C Asia, to about 10 cm; bulb hairy inside. Stem downy. Leaves 3-4, glaucous, downy, margins wavy, ciliate, not red. Inflorescence usually 1 flowered, bud erect. Flowers cup- to bell-shaped; spring. Tepals to 7.5 x 2.5 cm, orange-red to red, paler outside, downy; blotch olive to black, yellow-margined. Stamen filaments smooth, black; anthers dark purple; pollen green to yellowish. Syn. T. eichleri Regel.

Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan.

Source: Conran, J. (2005). Liliaceae. In: Spencer, R.. Horticultural Flora of South-eastern Australia. Volume 5. Flowering plants. Monocotyledons. The identification of garden and cultivated plants. University of New South Wales Press.